An excellent source of info is https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/deep-discharge
The most common are lead acid batteries and lithium ion.

In the lead acid range there are three common constructions
1. Liquid Electrolyte: The common car battery
2. Gell Electrolyte: Designed with the sulfuric acid in a gel form so it will nor spill
3. AGM: Where the acid although still liquid is held in a glass matt. The advantage is that unlike the gel it is quicker to charge and can take a heavier load due to the mobility of the electrolye. It is permanenlty sealed and can be used in extremely mobile instances as can the gel.

The above are also in order of expense.

Lithium Ion there are many variations the most coom being LiFePo (Lithium Iron Pohosphate)

The advantages are
1. the charging rate can be variable as the cells do not need to be fully charged.
2. They are very light weight an
3. can be used in anu porientation.
4. No sulfation.

The disadvantages are
1. initial cost
2. They don't last longer than a well looked after lead acid.
3. They are more environmentally difficult to recycle.

Given the above although I had considered using an LIFePo even a poorly looked after lead acid may work out a) cheaper and b) more benign to recyle.